The item comprises observations made as Madras Equatorial Observations of transit of Mercury occurred on the 11th and 12th of November 1861 by N.R. Pogson. The document contains observational data and critical notes about the astronomical event. Mercury's transit across the Sun occurs when the planet Mercury passes directly between the Sun and a superior planet.

The item comprises of observations made as Madras equatorial Observations of minor planet Frecia of its discovery and observations taken at several periods of time by N.R.Pogson.

The item contains observation notes of the comet Tempel on 21 and 22 August 1862. Tempel 1 is a Jupiter-family comet.

The item contains corrected magnetic declination values from 1862-1885. The data is in a tabular form, and it was titled 'Table B.'

The item is a Milne seismograph record taken from January 2nd to June 30 of the year 1907 and posted on June 30. This sheet is to be posted to the Secretary of the Earthquake Committee, British Association, Burlington House, London, England.

The observation note of Madras Equatorial observations on partial solar eclipse, lunar eclipse, occultation of planets and other astronomical objects. This fond significantly describes the disvoery of several planets, their regular activities, and changes and various astronomical phenomena. From these observations several detections were acrried out through screw detection techniques, interval analysis, and finding mean postitions of various stars.

The note contains an observation of the zodiacal light done by A. A Narayana Ayyar from Solar Physics Observatory, Kodaikanal, in 1916. A. A. Narayana Ayyar was the third Assistant at Kodaikanal Solar Physics Observatory. The observations were tabulated under the headings of date, time, stars on the brightest part of the zodiac, and remarks. Comments were recorded from January 23rd to February 2nd, 1916.

The item contains items that describes notes on the earthquake during several timezones of the year

The item contains observation notes titled 'Madras zone reduced to' from 1825-1867 by N. R. Pogson. The documents have the observation notes of minor planets: Hestia, Sylvia, Sappho, Camilla, Iris, Ariadne, etc.

The item contains observation notes titled 'approximate places of star reduced to' from 1825 to 1868 by N. R. Pogson. The documents have the observation notes of minor planets: Hestia, Asia, Iris, Europa, Thalia, Alexandra etc.