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Narayana Ayyar was an Indian astronomer at the Kodaikanal Solar Observatory, contributing significantly to solar research, particularly in sunspots and solar magnetic fields. Established in 1899, the observatory has played a vital role in advancing solar physics in India and globally, enriching our understanding of solar activity.

Kavasji Naegamvala, also known as Kavasji Dadabhai Naegamvala (1857-1938) (FRAS) was an astrophysicist and the director of the Takhtasingji Observatory. Naegamvala's work included observations of nebulae, solar flash spectrum, and the transit of Mercury on 9 May 1891. He joined the British Astronomical Association expedition to Norway, in 1896, to observe a total solar eclipse. His independently organized, and conducted, expedition to Jeur, in western India, to observe the solar chromosphere and corona, during the 1898 eclipse, broke a psychological barrier to the entry of Indian scientists to the study of astronomy.