Satish Dhawan (1920–2002) was an Indian aerospace engineer and educationist who played a pivotal role in India’s space program. As Chairman of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) from 1972 to 1984, he oversaw key milestones including the launch of India’s first satellites and the development of the SLV-3 launch vehicle. A pioneer in experimental fluid dynamics and boundary layer theory, he also served as Director of the Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru. Dhawan is remembered for combining scientific excellence with visionary leadership, laying the foundations for India’s indigenous space technology.
Leonard Digges (c.1515–c.1559) was an English mathematician and surveyor, credited with significant contributions to practical geometry, land surveying, and optical science. He authored works such as Tectonicon, Pantometria, and Prognostication Everlasting, which dealt with measurement, instruments, and astronomical calculations. Digges is often associated with the early development of the theodolite and has been linked, though with limited evidence, to the concept of the telescope before its official invention. His son, Thomas Digges, expanded on his father’s ideas and became known for promoting the Copernican heliocentric model in England. He designed theodolite.
Leonard Digges (c.1515 – c.1559) was a well-known English mathematician and surveyor, credited with the invention of the theodolite, and a great populariser of science through his writings in English on surveying, cartography, and military engineering. His birth date is variously suggested as 1515 or 1520 (but certainly by 1530).
Dopita studied physics at Wadham College, Oxford. He worked at the Australian National University from 1975. He served as Treasurer of the Australian Academy of Science from 2008 and was a member of its Council from 2004 to 2008. He was president, Division VI, International Astronomical Union, from 1994 to 1997 and was a council member of the Astronomical Society of Australia between 1993 and 1996. He was an Inaugural Federation Fellow of the Australian Research Council, 2001. Until 2015 he was editor in chief of the scientific journal Astrophysics and Space Science and author with Dr Ralph Sutherland of Astrophysics of the Diffuse Universe. Dopita published over 650 research papers in refereed scientific journals.